Amwaj:

Ali Hashem

It was a decisive dawn. As Iran anticipated a new US proposal in talks on the future of its nuclear program, an Israeli surprise offensive in the early hours of June 13 decimated the Iranian armed forces' upper echelons and claimed the lives of several top nuclear scientists. No explanation was needed. The objective was clear: seize the initiative from Iran, sow internal chaos and pave the way for prolonged internal collapse.

In the days leading up to the attack, threats and conflicting signals had raised alarm in Iran, yet senior officials viewed it as rhetorical brinkmanship to extract concessions at the negotiating table. In hindsight, US President Donald Trump had lulled them into a false sense of security by agreeing to a sixth round of nuclear negotiations in Muscat on June 15. The 60-day deadline to reach a deal, which Trump previously declared, had expired—and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu acted swiftly, catching Iran off guard. The rest, as the world now knows, is history.

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