Iran International:

Canada has identified Iran as one of its top strategic cyber threats in its 2025 National Cyber Threat Assessment, citing Tehran's expanding cyber activities and surveillance of global opponents as a growing security risk.

“Iran’s persistent efforts to track and monitor regime opponents through cyberspace present a growing cyber security challenge for Canada and our allies,” the report says.

Iran has become a player in global cyber warfare, conducting increasingly sophisticated attacks on regional and international targets. Iranian cyber capabilities have evolved over the past decade, with state-sponsored groups targeting a variety of sectors, including government, finance, energy, and media.

Canada’s 2025 National Cyber Threat Assessment lists Iran, alongside Russia and China, as a primary cyber threat to national security, warning that Iran’s digital reach now extends beyond the Middle East to target Western nations.

As per the assessment, Iran has used its ongoing cyber clashes with Israel to strengthen its espionage and offensive cyber tactics, which it now deploys against Western targets.

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